GENERAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS Kristi Spagnuolo

Remembered Wellness

Remembered Wellness, previously called the “placebo effect” is the belief that we all have the ability to heal based upon the projection of our intense desire for wellness and healing. It posits that we all can “remember” and draw upon the calm and strength associated with moments of health and happiness. These memories are not only psychologically and emotionally soothing but are also physically soothing.

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GENERAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS Kristi Spagnuolo

Mentalization

In psychology, mentalization is the ability to understand the mental state, of oneself or others, that underlies overt behavior. Mentalization can be seen as a form of imaginative mental activity that lets us perceive and interpret human behavior in terms of intentional mental states (e.g., needs, desires, feelings, beliefs, goals, purposes, and reasons). It is sometimes described as "understanding misunderstanding." Mentalization can occur either automatically or consciously. Mentalization ability, or mentalizing, is weakened by intense emotion.

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GENERAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS Kristi Spagnuolo

Sober-curious Movement

Unlike sobriety, which is often the absolute surrendering of alcohol from one’s life, sober curiosity is defined as having the option to question, to choose, or to change your drinking habits for mental and physical health-specific reasons. Sober-curious culture encourages sobriety but welcomes folks that are currently unwilling or not ready to completely give up alcohol.

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GENERAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS Kristi Spagnuolo

Adult Children of Alcoholics

Several adults grow up in homes as children with a parent living with an active addiction. These struggles continue to plague their ability to live emotionally healthy and balanced lives as adults. A child that grows up in such a household may not have gotten the parental guidance they needed or may have created a distorted view of healthy attachment as an adult. As a result of this dysfunction, children of alcoholics may face several characteristic difficulties in adulthood, making it harder to find balance and peace, resulting oftentimes, in unhealthy coping skills such as substance misuse, self-harm, and other interpersonally-disruptive behaviors.

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GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo

Anxiety

Anxiety disorder is a mental health condition that encompasses repeated, and excessive spells of fear, worry, and anxious feelings. Apprehension and anxiety on the other hand are a normal facet of life. They are, after all, what guide and motivate us to achieve goals, and take risks. However, when anxiety begins to stick, becomes your baseline, or feels unshakeable, it may get in the way of optimizing your quality of life.

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GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

Depression is classified as a mood disorder that causes pervasive feelings of sadness, and loss of interest (anhedonia). Also called Major Depressive Disorder or clinical depression. It affects how we think, feel, and behave, and also leads to a variety of physical, emotional, and interpersonal problems. Folks with MDD may struggle to perform basic activities of daily living, and some may even experience thoughts of suicide. More than just “feeling low” or something to “snap out of”, depression may require long-term treatment. However, efficacious treatment options for MDD do exist.

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GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

OCD is a common, and chronic disorder in which a person has uncontrollable, intrusive, reoccurring thoughts (obsessions) and/or behaviors (compulsions) that they may enact in order to alleviate anxiety provoked by these obsessions.

Although an anxiety disorder, OCD differs from generalized anxiety. There are three distinct features between both disorders. These are - the content of your anxiety, the fixedness of your thoughts, and whether or not compulsions are involved. Folks with generalized anxiety jump from one anxiety to the next through the day (or have a global sense of feeling overwhelmed) whereas someone with OCD is more likely to obsess over one intrusive thought and direct excessive attention to it.

Within OCD, one may also experience Pure O, which is marked by obsessions alone. An individual experiencing Pure O may not engage in visible behaviors to mitigate their intrusive thoughts, but may instead partake in hidden mental rituals.

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GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo

Panic Disorder

Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder diagnosed in people who experience seemingly out-of-the-blue and spontaneous panic attacks. Such individuals are very preoccupied with the fear of another attack coming on. Panic attacks may occur very unexpectedly, and oftentimes, even when awakening from a deep sleep.

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GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo

Specific Phobia

Specific phobia is an anxiety-type disorder, wherein one may experience an intense irrational fear of something that poses little to no real danger. Although adults with a specific phobia may be able to identify that their fears are irrational, even the idea of thinking about facing the feared object or situation brings upon intense fear and anxiety.

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GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo

Complicated Grief

Complicated grief is when an individual may feel trapped in their pain, and sense of loss after the death of a loved one. Grief itself is a normal human emotion and should be transitory. However, when this grief becomes chronically debilitating is when it is termed complicated grief.

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GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo

Anhedonia

In the Greek language, anhedonia is directly translated to “without pleasure”, a key symptom of Major Depressive Disorder. It is characterized by the inability to experience pleasure in normally enjoyable experiences.

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GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder

PMDD is a more severe form of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS). It induces behavioral and physical symptoms that usually dissipate after the onset of one's menstruation. PMDD may result in extreme mood swings that hinder our personal and work life. Symptoms may include hopelessness, anger, irritation, sadness, and physical symptoms such as bloating and breast tenderness. Therapeutic guidance surrounding changes in diet and lifestyle may help in reducing these symptoms.

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GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo

Bulimia Nervosa

Bulimia Nervosa is a common eating disorder that may be potentially life-threatening. People with bulimia may binge (eat large amounts of food with a loss of control over the eating behavior) and then purge, (trying to get rid of the extra calories in an unhealthy way). To rid themselves of the calories ingested and prevent weight gain, people with bulimia may use different methods. For example: regularly self-inducing vomiting or misusing laxatives, taking weight-loss supplements, diuretics or enemas after bingeing.

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GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, MENTAL HEALTH Kristi Spagnuolo

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia is another common eating disorder characterized by abnormally or unhealthily low body weight; an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted perception of their body and weight expectations. People with anorexia place a high value on controlling their weight and shape, using extreme methods that tend to significantly interrupt their day-to-day functionality. In order to prevent weight gain or encourage weight loss, people with anorexia usually severely restrict the amount of food they eat.

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GENERAL, INTERVENTIONS Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, INTERVENTIONS Kristi Spagnuolo

Individual Therapy

Individual therapy is a type of therapy that is typically between a psychotherapist and client exclusively. This type of therapy allows individuals to explore their feelings and thoughts with a trained professional, who may be guided by varying theoretical approaches and principles. In such a modality, the client-therapist fit is crucial, which is why here at Repose, we match you with a therapist that fits your needs.

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GENERAL, INTERVENTIONS Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, INTERVENTIONS Kristi Spagnuolo

Family Therapy

Family Therapy sees individuals as existing within a whole system, with each sub-system affecting the well-being of the other. Family therapy is a therapeutic modality that seeks to nurture change and development, in order to better the psychological health of the family as a whole.

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GENERAL, INTERVENTIONS Kristi Spagnuolo GENERAL, INTERVENTIONS Kristi Spagnuolo

Internal Family Systems (IFS)

IFS seeks to increase self-awareness by exploring varying “sub-personalities” of the mind while nurturing our connection to the self. An IFS therapist will work with clients to explore, understand, connect with, and alter disruptive parts of the mind, enabling clients to enjoy the liberation and peace of living a self-determined existence.

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